This Is What Your Meat Eats

Farm nimals are legally allowed to practice cannibalism and eat their own manure.  Read on…

When you bite into a juicy hamburger or a lovely steak, it’s easy to forget that piece of meat was once a living, breathing, hungry animal. It also needed nutrients to survive. And while we all want to think that our meat eats according to nature, this is becoming less and less common. Livestock that live in CAFOs(concentrated animal feeding operations) are nourished very differently — and sometimes even dangerously.

Have you ever thought about what your meat eats? Read on to learn about the ingredients fed to most farm animals being raised today.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/03/31/what-meat-eats_n_4063895.html

 

  • 1
    Corn. Lots And Lots Of Corn.
    Shutterstock
    In 2011, 84 million acres of corn were harvested in the U.S. According to the National Corn Growers Association, 80 percent of this corn goes straight into the bellies of domestic and overseas livestock and other animals.

    Although cows and other ruminants are naturally disposed to eating grass, corn is filling and significantly cheaper, allowing farmers to fatten up the meat more efficiently. Just as we humans suffer from a host of food-related ailments when we eat things that aren’t healthy for us, this practice opens animals up to a number of diseases and other health issues.

  • 2
    Soy
    Getty Images
    Second only to corn as the most planted crop in America, 73.8 million acres of soybeans were harvested in the U.S. in 2011. Over 30 million tons of the crop is fed annually to livestock. In fact, soybeans are the largest protein source fed to animals worldwide.
  • 3
    Themselves
    Getty
    Bringing a whole new level of discomfort to the term “you are what you eat,” animal feed is legally allowed to contain certain amounts of the animal it is being fed to. Yes, that means sometimes there is dead pig meat and bones in pig feed and ground up chicken in the feed given to chickens. While cattle parts were outlawed from animal feed more than a decade ago thanks to Mad Cow disease, these bits have found their way back into the food system through other unsavory means, such as the next entry on this list.
  • 4
    Manure And Animal Waste
    Shutterstock
    One component of some animal feeds is something called “poultry litter” — basically, the waste and spilled feed that is swept up from the floor of barns that house chickens. While some researchers argue that this is a cheap and relatively safe method of protein consumption for the animals, these feces can be breeding grounds for infectious bacteria, like the aforementioned Mad Cow Disease, and other germs. (Which is just one reason the next ingredient is considered “necessary” by some.)
  • 5
    Antibiotics
    Getty
    Thirty million pounds of antibiotics were given to U.S. livestock in 2011. While some of that was used to treat and heal sick animals, the majority was given to them in low levels in their feed in an effort to speed up growth and keep any natural infections at bay. While that may seem like a preventative measure, pumping animals with antibiotics could actually expose them (and us) to highly dangerous superbugs that cannot be exterminated with these drugs.
  • 6
    Feathers, Hair And Blood
    Getty
    Another component of poultry litter is the animal parts that are either cast off or left behind after an animal dies. This includes things like hair, feathers, blood and hooves. Sometimes, animals are even fed roadkill.
  • 7
    Fish Meal
    WikiMedia:
    Fishmeal is a byproduct (read: ground up bones and offal) of small fish such as anchovies, menhaden, and more. While it may seem pretty harmless to be serving fish to livestock, keep in mind that ruminants do not naturally eat meats. They are also excused from the seafood advisories put on humans, meaning your meat might be eating the infectious, dirty fish that cannot legally make it onto your plate. In addition, farming for fishmeal has led to significant issues in the global fishing industry, such as depleting resources for the bigger fish, like salmon.
  • 8
    Candy?
    Although this is not a common practice, some farmers took to feeding animals candy in response to rising corn prices in the U.S. “It has been a practice going on for decades and is a very good way to for producers to reduce feed cost, and to provide less expensive food for consumers,” livestock nutritionist Ki Fanning told CNN Money (apparently with a straight face).

Five Reasons You Should Have Sex With Your Husband Every Day: Meg in Progress

1. Being a mother, one of the ultimate expressions of womanhood, can often leave a girl feeling stripped of her femininity.

2. If you want your husband to act like a man, you need to treat him like a man.

3. You need to have a moment in each day that is just about the two of you.

4. Sex relieves stress.

5. It is so much blasted fun.

Read More at http://www.meginprogress.com/five-reasons-you-should-have-sex-with-your-husband-every-day/

Almost 1/3 of Moms Say They’ve Gone YEARS without Sex

First comes love, then comes marriage, then comes a baby and a sexless marriage…

According to a Family Circle survey, almost a third of moms say that they’ve gone a few years without having sex. We speak to experts and parents about how babies are affecting the bedroom.

Why Many Couples Go Years without Having Sex

http://live.huffingtonpost.com/r/archive/segment/why-many-couples-go-years-without-having-sex/53150ea378c90a1a64000763?cn=tbla

Bikinis Make Men See Women as Objects, Brain Scans Confirm

Sexy women in bikinis really do inspire some men to see them as objects, according to a new study of male neurology.

Brain scans revealed that when men are shown pictures of scantily clad women, the region of the brain associated with tool use lights up.

Men were also more likely to associate images of sexualized women with first-person action verbs such as “I push, I grasp, I handle,” said lead researcher Susan Fiske, a psychologist at Princeton University.

And in a “shocking” finding, Fiske noted, some of the men studied showed no activity in the part of the brain that usually responds when a person ponders another’s intentions.

This means that these men see women “as sexually inviting, but they are not thinking about their minds,” Fiske said. “The lack of activation in this social cognition area is really odd, because it hardly ever happens.”

Read more at http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/02/090216-bikinis-women-men-objects.html

Muslim Women’s Dress: A Tool of Black Liberation

Pervasive stereotypes of black women have worked to deny them dignity and rights. The “jezebel” image, stereotyping black women as sexually loose, has its roots in slavery to justify the systematic raping of enslaved women. It is in fighting this image that I see long dresses, or the hijab, as tools of liberation.

Who Got to America Before the “Natives”?

Who were the true Native Americans?  The typical explanation is people genetically similar to modern Siberians who crossed over a land bridge and eventually made their way down to South America.  This explanations assumes and insists that there was no other way for humans to have arrived here because there was no technology like seafaring, navigation or aviation at the time.

Well, archaeological evidence exists to refute both sides of the claim.  First of all, there is evidence of technologies that the Siberian/Mongoloid native Americans have never claimed to possess.  Second, the age of these finds predates typical estimates for the rise of human technology.  It seems that when the Native Americans arrived, other natives had already been there…

Wattis, Utah Coal Mine

In 1953, miners at the Lion Coal Mine in Wattis, Utah were digging a new tunnel, and broke into an already existing system. The coal found in these tunnels was so old and weathered, it was useless for burning. Further exploration by Drs Wilson and Jennings from the University of Utah revealed not only the tunnels, but centralized rooms where coal was brought prior to being taken to the surface. The tunnels themselves averaged about 5-6′ high, (although there was one 8′ tunnel they followed for 8500 feet), and followed the coal seams in the same way as today. Yet none of the North American Indian tribes ever used coal.[1] Who, then, were the miners?

Secrets of the Lost Races: New Discoveries of Advanced Technology in Ancient Civilizations“, Rene Noorbergen (2001).  Retrieved 31.3.2014 from https://www.forbiddenhistory.info/index.php?q=node/10

Illinois Chain in Coal

Mrs. S. W. Culp, of Morrisonville, Illinois, was breaking coal into smaller lumps for her scuttle, one day in 1891, when she noticed a chain in the midst of the coal. When she reached down to pick it up, she saw that the two ends of the chain were firmly embedded in two separate pieces of coal that had clearly been a single lump only moments before.

http://www.byerly.org/whatifo.htm#8/18/02 and The Morrosonville Times, June 11, 1891.  Retrieved 31.3.2014 from https://www.forbiddenhistory.info/?q=node/30

Lanzhou Screw

CA Iron nail in Quartz

In 1851, Hiram de Witt, of Springfield, Massachusetts, accidentally dropped a fist sized piece of gold bearing quartz that he had brought back from California. The rock broke apart in the fall, and inside it de Witt found a 2″ cut iron nail, slightly corroded. “It was entirely straight and had a perfect head,” reported The Times of London.[1/2]

Abbey Mine Iron Screw in Feldspar

A piece of feldspar from the Abbey Mine in Treasure City, Nevada, in 1865, was found to contain a two-inch metal screw, which had oxidized but left its from and the shape of its threads within the feldspar- the stone itself was calculated as being millions of years old.

The Times, London, December 24, 1851 and http://www.byerly.org/whatifo.htm#8/18/02.  Retrieved 31.3.2014 from https://www.forbiddenhistory.info/?q=node/29

In 1961 a fossil encrusted geode (although this one was not hollow) was picked up in the Coso Mountains, six miles northeast of Olancha, California, near the top of a 4300′ peak overlooking the dry bed of Owens Lake by some rockhounds. What was discovered after it had been cut in half, ruining a diamond saw blade in the process, is something that has caused much debate over the years, and continues to this day.

Geode CoreIn the middle of the geode was a metal core approximately .08″ in diameter. Encircling this was what appeared to be a ceramic casing which was also surrounded by a hexagonal sleeve of wood, which had become petrified. This was encased by the outer layer of the geode which was made up of hardened clay, pebbles, and bits of fossil shell, and two nonmagnetic metallic objects resembling a nail and a washer. A fragment of copper still remaining between the ceramic material and the petrified wood indicates that possibly the two may have been separated by a copper sleeve. X-rays of the objects were taken and examined by Paul Willis, then editor of INFO Journal who noticed a startling similarity between it and a modern spark plug. An unnamed geologist in the original report of the find came up with an age estimate of 500,000 years based on the fossils contained in the matrix (note-this would not indicate what date the accretion was formed).[1]

http://www.byerly.org/whatifo.htm#8/18/02.  Retrieved 31.3.2014 from https://www.forbiddenhistory.info/?q=node/33

Found in California, a rock was cracked open in search of fossils. But instead of a fossil, out fell a very strange object. The rock came from a formation that had been dated at around half a million years old. In the picture below on the right is an x-ray of the object. It is composed of a ceramic material and metal. In some respects it resembles a modern spark plug.

Spark Plug

Retrieved 31.3.2014 from https://www.forbiddenhistory.info/?q=node/35

Ica Telescope

“In the 1960’s a local farmer was selling rocks he had found in caves and gorges near the city of Ica Peru. Over the years he had aquired thousands of these stones. Eventually the archeological community heard of these rocks and began to investigate. The farmer was arrested and confined by the government of Peru and upon his release he recanted his testimony and confessed that he had carved them himself. Dr. Cabrera had asked the farmer where he found the stones. The farmer was evasive and maintained his story that he made them himself for fear of being put in jail for the rest of his life. It has been determined by some that he was coherced into his confession. A total of about 15,000 of these stones have been recovered. The bulk of these are stored in the Ica Stones Museum in Peru.

The carvings on the stone are not cut into the stone. These ancient stones have a varnish over them that is formed over thousands of years. When the varnish is removed the lighter colored lines appear. When the carvings on the stone were examined it was found the the carvings themselves have some varnish on them as well indicating that the carvings are also of ancient origin.

Many of the carvings depict advanced technology including the one above which appears to be a man holding something like a telescope and looking at the comet or asteroid.”[1]

The stones are supposedly dated from 90 to 225 million years ago.

[1] http://www.ancient-hebrew.org/ancientman/12_viking.html

Retrieved 31.3.2014 from https://www.forbiddenhistory.info/?q=node/104

 

The Australian Government’s War Against the Environment

Australia’s government has environmentalists up in arms. Justifiably.

Tony Abbott’s government has been described as the most hostile to his nation’s environment in history. Here’s why people are pissed off.

Tony Abbott's government has been described as the most hostile to his nation's environment in history . Here's why people are pissed off.

1. One of Australia’s most stunning natural wonders – the Great Barrier Reef – will have a section of its ocean bed ripped up to create a coal shipping lane.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
Greenpeace / Via youtube.com

Under the Abbott government, the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority has given the go-ahead for three million cubic metres of ocean bottom to be dredged and dumped within the World Heritage area to open a new shipping route.

2. A reef that was already vulnerable thanks to a number of environmental threats.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
Greenpeace / Via youtube.com
21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
JamesCookNewsNetwork / Via youtube.com

Threats such as agricultural runoff, increased ocean acidity and rises in ocean temperatures scientists believe is caused by the burning of fossil fuels such as coal. Rising temperatures leads to coral bleaching. Worse feedback loop ever. A study released by the Australian Institute of Marine Science found the reef has lost half its coral cover in the last three decades.

3. Environment Minister Greg Hunt has given the nod to several vast new coal mines in the Galilee Basin, Queensland.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
Greenpeace / Via youtube.com

Altogether the Alpha coal project and Kevin’s Corner in the Galilee Basin will emit 3.7bn tonne of CO2-e once burned over their 30 year lifetime, according to estimates by The Guardian. Clive Palmer’s Galilee Basin mine, China First, will release an estimated 3bn tonne of CO2-e over a 37 year period, according to a report by UTS and Greenpeace. Environmentalists are alarmed at the potential impact on groundwater levels and water pollution, and destruction of the local environment, home to koalas and endangered bird species.

4. Meanwhile upset residents living near NSW’s Maules Creek mine walked away empty handed from their meeting with Hunt.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
Greenpeace / Via youtube.com

A heated blockade is taking place with local residents and activists, including members of the indigenous Gomeroi people, protesting against coal seam gas mining and the open cut mine at Maules Creek. According to the National Indigenous Times, a recent meeting with Hunt left the participants, “feeling ‘deflated’ and without even a ‘message to take back’ to their Elders.” The mining threatens 8,000 hectares of bushland known as the Leard State Forest, which houses critically endangered Box-Gum Woodland and several other threatened animal species.

5. In January, following a Federal exemption from environmental laws, Western Australia began a controversial shark culling program.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
ITN / Via youtube.com
21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
Echonetdaily / Via youtube.com

According to the ABC, “Since the cull began in January, 104 sharks – 30 of them more than three metres – have been caught on the drum lines.” The policy only allows for sharks larger than 3 metres to be killed, and continues despite a 6,000 person rally, 23,000 public submissions to the Environmental Protection Authority, and the danger this practice poses to endangered Great Whites.

6. Plans to create the world’s largest network of marine reserves have been suspended indefinitely.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
WavelengthIII / Via youtube.com

According to the Australian Marine Conservation Society, the suspended marine park plans, which were intended to come into effect on July 1 of this year, are the result of “15 years of extensive scientific investigation and the most thorough public consultation process in Australia’s history”. Greg Hunt told the Sydney Morning Herald his department has begun its own review of how to best manage marine ecosystems.

7. The Abbott government is applying to have 74,000 hectares of Tasmanian forest removed from World Heritage listing.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
Jeff Jennings / Via youtube.com

It’s a move that’s been called unprecedented, coming less than a year since the World Heritage Committee approved an 170,000-hectare extension of the existing boundary under the previous government. The Abbott government’s justification is that the forest area in question is too degraded to be worthy of protection – a view strongly challenged by the Wilderness Society.

8. Australia is apparently “open for business”. And just to make that clear: “open for business for the forestry industry.”

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
southernrainforest / Via youtube.com

So said Abbott in his recent address at the 2014 ForestWorks dinner. He then went on to describe Greg Hunt as a man “who appreciates that the environment is meant for man and not just the other way around.” Nor does Abbott support the creation of any more national parks, saying: “We have quite enough national parks, we have quite enough locked up forests already. In fact, in an important respect, we have too much locked up forest.”

9. Our $74.6 million dollar contribution to global environment programs last year has been slashed to $0 this year.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

As part of a $650 million reduction in the foreign aid budget.

10. Environment Minister Greg Hunt was a no-show at the Warsaw climate talks.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

Instead Australia sent lower level representatives to November’s talks, whose behaviour raised the ire of other diplomats. According to the Sydney Morning Herald, the complaints ranged from “Australian representatives moving to block any parts of the conference negotiating text to the delegates wearing T-shirts and giggling during the talks.”

11. Dick Warburton, a confirmed sceptic of man-induced climate change, has been selected to head the review of the Renewable Energy Target.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

The prominent Australian businessman told The Australian he was sceptical that “man-made carbon dioxide is creating global warming,” and previously quoted a thoroughly debunked petition to back up his view. The Renewable Energy Target is designed to deliver 20 percent of Australia’s electricity from renewable sources by 2020, and is likely to be watered down by the Abbott government.

12. And Warburton is not the only climate sceptic in Abbott’s inner circle.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

Maurice Newman is the current chairman of the Prime Minister’s Business Advisory Council and has previously discussed the so-called “climate change establishment” in conspiratory terms, claiming that they are colluding with the U.N. and the media in a “scientific delusion”.

13. Abbott himself has scoffed at 25 years of scientific research linking Australia’s increased fire activity to climate change.

Abbott himself has scoffed at 25 years of scientific research linking Australia's increased fire activity to climate change.

Joe Brown / Via Twitter: @_JoeBrown_

When the executive secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, Christiana Figueres linked global climate change to increasing heatwaves, the PM responded by saying she was “talking through her hat”. Perhaps he meant a hat lined with multiple studies that back up her statement, from both Australian and international institutes?

14. The Prime Minister also seems determined to indulge anti-wind crusaders’ hypochondria.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now
Marcus Dibble / Via youtube.com

As reported in the Sydney Morning Herald, the Abbott government has already committed to further study on wind farms and health, despite the fact that recent studies from Australia’s National Health and Medical Research Council have failed to find reliable or consistent evidence that wind farms directly cause human health problems.

15. In one of the Abbott government’s first acts after coming into power last year, we waved “goodbye” to the Climate Commission.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

The independent body of experts was setup to communicate to the public the effects of climate change on Australia. Following the axing, the experts quickly reformed as the privately funded Climate Council.

16. Now get ready for a possible “adieu” to the Climate Change Authority…

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

Another independent statutory body established by the last government to advise on climate policy with particular regards to emissions reductions. The CCA is facing closure when the new Senate sits in July, with its fate decided by a tiny group of independents. Last month the body released a report recommended Abbott boost the current emissions reduction target of 5% by 2020 to 19% (from 2000 levels) – a recommendation that is more than likely to be completely and emphatically ignored.

17. A possible “all the best” to the Clean Energy Finance Corporation…

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

The CEFC is Australia’s billion-dollar “green bank”, which since last July has been investing in clean energy projects, like solar panels and wind farms. Its fate will also be determined by the new sitting Senate house come July.

18. And a “nice knowing you” to the carbon tax.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

Abbott’s move to repeal the carbon tax was recently knocked down in the Senate. But when the new Senate sits in July, independent members (such as those from mining magnate Clive Palmer’s Palmer United Party) will hold the balance of power. The tax was a much contested scheme brought in by the last Gillard Labor government, and charges polluters around $25 per tonne of carbon emissions.

19. $435 million is to be cut from the Australian Renewable Energy Agency budget.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

Last year Australian Conservation Foundation campaigner Tony Mohr told theSydney Morning Herald that the cuts to the agency, which is designed to fund renewable energy projects and research, “will starve research and development of clean energy in Australia, moving us to the back of the global race for clean tech.”

20. Hey mining companies, here’s $2 billion per year for petrol money!

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

Under the fuel tax credit scheme, each Australian taxpayer is handing over $182 to the mining companies, in the form of a 32c per litre discount on fuels such as petrol and diesel for off-road use. Altogether the Abbott government is providing $10 billion per year in subsidies to fossil fuel companies.

21. And now Abbott seems intent on washing his hands of future projects by handing back environmental power to the states and territories.

21 Reasons Aussie Environmentalists Are Really Angry Right Now

Abbott says his new “one-stop shop” for environmental assessment cuts down the “green tape” for developers, allowing the states and territories to take on sole responsibility for approval of projects, including mines and ports. As reported inThe Guardian, this has the Greens questioning the commitment of state powers to protecting the environment. Time will tell what impact this will have on risky businesses such as coal seam gas.

http://www.buzzfeed.com/monicatan/australian-environmentalists-are-really-angry-right-now

Not A Color: The History of Slavery

Contrary to conventional thought, Slavery was NOT only endured by Blacks, all peoples have at one time or another been enslaved.

white slavery 06

The irony is that it is Blacks who appear to have created the institution of Slavery. As the creators of civilization, and the builders of the worlds first cities, Blacks logically were the first to have a need for slaves, as a source of free labor. Slavery in ancient cultures was known to occur in civilizations as old as Sumer, and it was found in every civilization, including Ancient Egypt, the Akkadian Empire, Assyria, Ancient Greece, Rome and parts of its empire.

white slavery 01

Such institutions were a mixture of debt-slavery, punishment for crime, the enslavement of prisoners of war, child abandonment, and the birth of slave children to slaves. In the Roman Empire, probably over 25% of the empire’s population, and 30 to 40% of the population of Italy was enslaved. Records of slavery in Ancient Greece go as far back as Mycenaean Greece. It is often said that the Greeks as well as philosophers such as Aristotle accepted the theory of natural slavery i.e. that some men are slaves by nature. At the time of Plato and Socrates, slavery was so accepted by the Greeks (including philosophers) that few people indeed protested it as an institution.

white slavery 05

In the Viking era starting c. 793, the Norse raiders often captured and enslaved militarily weaker peoples they encountered. In the Nordic countries the slaves were called thralls. The thralls were mostly from Western Europe, among them many Franks, Anglo-Saxons, and Celts. Many Irish slaves participated in the colonization of Iceland. There is evidence of German, Baltic, Slavic and Latin slaves as well. The slave trade was one of the pillars of Norse commerce during the 6th through 11th centuries. The Persian traveler Ibn Rustah described how Swedish Vikings, the Varangians or Rus, terrorized and enslaved the Slavs, (thus the word Slave).

The Vikings raided across Europe, though their slave raids were the most destructive in the British Isles and Eastern Europe. While the Vikings kept some slaves for themselves as servants, known as thralls, most people captured by the Vikings would be sold on the Byzantine or Islamic markets. In the West the targets of Viking slavery were primarily English, Irish, and Scottish, while in the East they were mainly Slavs. The Viking slave trade slowly ended in the 1000s, as the Vikings settled in the European territories they once raided.

white slavery 04

The Mongol invasions and conquests in the 13th century made the situation worse. The Mongols enslaved skilled individuals, women and children and marched them to Karakorum or Sarai, whence they were sold throughout Eurasia. Many of these slaves were shipped to the slave market in Novgorod, (near Moscow in Russia).

Slave commerce during the Late Middle Ages was mainly in the hands of Venetian and Genoese merchants and cartels, who were involved in the slave trade with the Golden Horde. In 1382 the Golden Horde under Khan Tokhtamysh sacked Moscow, burning the city and carrying off thousands of inhabitants as slaves. Between 1414 and 1423, some 10,000 eastern European slaves were sold in Venice. Genoese merchants organized the slave trade from the Crimea to Mamluk Egypt. For years the Khanates of Kazan and Astrakhan routinely made raids on Russian principalities for slaves and to plunder towns. Russian chronicles record about 40 raids of Kazan Khans on the Russian territories in the first half of the 16th century. In 1521, the combined forces of Crimean Khan Mehmed Giray and his Kazan allies attacked Moscow and captured thousands of slaves.

white slavery 02

In 1441, Haci I Giray declared independence from the Golden Horde and established the Crimean Khanate. For a long time, until the early 18th century, the khanate maintained a massive slave trade with the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East. In a process called the “harvesting of the steppe”, they enslaved many Slavic peasants. About 30 major Tatar raids were recorded into Muscovite territories between 1558-1596. In 1571, the Crimean Tatars attacked and sacked Moscow, burning everything but the Kremlin and taking thousands of captives as slaves. In Crimea, about 75% of the population consisted of slaves.

Read More at http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Misc/True_Negros/Assorted/The_History_of_Slavery.htm

Bantu Languages- Beauty, Philosophy, Expression

“This alliteration, this repetition of the inflecting prefix of the noun, is the interlocking switch of Bantu. It prevents the very children from using bad grammar. Such intricacy of structure finds no parallel in any other linguistic family, except Gor and Mande in West Africa. The principle of alliterative concordance offers one of the most astonishing phenomena in human culture

The beauty, plastic power and richness of Bantu languages delight and amaze all. They possess almost limitless flexibility, pliancy and softness. Their grammatical principles are founded on the most philosophical and systematic basis. Their vocabularies are susceptible of infinite expansion. They can express even delicate shades of thought and feeling. Perhaps no other languages are capable of greater definiteness and precision. Grout doubts whether Zulu — the purest type of a Bantu dialect, the lordly language of the south, the speech of a conquering and superior race — is surpassed in forming derivatives by German or Greek. Livingstone characterized as witnesses to the poverty of their own attainments men who complain of the poverty of Bantu languages. Bentley, after referring to the flexibility, fulness, subtlety of idea and nicety of expression in Kongoan, accredits this wealth of forms and ideas to the Bantu family in bulk. The wide sway of these qualities points out their immense practical importance to civilization. Three languages may be taken as the English tongue of their respective spheres. Zulu stretches from Natal to Nyasa, Swahili from Zanzibar well=nigh across equatorial Africa, and Mbundu (Ngolan) from Portuguese West Africa far eastward. In French Kongo the Fan (Mpangwe) and in Belgian Kongo below Livingstone Falls the Kongoan are strong developing factors. But Zulu, Swahili and Mbundu form representative and standard languages for the south, the east, the west. The unity in variety of Bantu speech, its flexibleness, power of growth and molding give ground for the belief that the best elements of the best languages may be embodied in a language classic, complete and one.”

Noble, Frederic Perry.  The Redemption of Africa: A Story of Civilization, with Maps, Statistical Tables and Select Bibliography of the Literature of African Missions, Volume 1.  Revell, 1899

http://books.google.com/books?id=vdxBAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA162#v=onepage&q=&f=false

“The Bantu languages, in fact, are rather more closely related one to the other—even in their extremest forms—than are the Aryan languages. This is so much the case that a native of Zanzibar can very soon make himself understood on the Congo, while a man of the Cameroons would not be long before he grasped the vocabulary of the Zulu. This interesting fact must play a certain part in the political development of Africa south of the fifth degree of north latitude. The rapidity with which the Kiswahili tongue of Zanzibar—a very convenient, simple, and expressive form of Bantu speech— has spread far and wide over East Central Africa, and has even gained a footing on the Congo, hints at the possibility of the Bantu Negroes at some future time adopting a universal Bantu language for inter-communication.”

Johnston, Sir Harry Hamilton.  The Uganda Protectorate: An Attempt to Give Some Description of the Physical Geography, Botany, Zoology, Anthropology, Languages and History of the Territories Under British Protection in East Central Africa, Between the Congo Free State and the Rift Valley and Between the First Degree of South Latitude and the Fifth Degree of North Latitude, Volume 2. Hutchinson & Company, 1904

http://books.google.com/books?id=vyAUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA890#v=onepage&q=&f=false